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(cons 1 2) doesn’t work in Clojure; you get:

Don't know how to create ISeq from: java.lang.Integer
[Thrown class java.lang.IllegalArgumentException]

In Scheme, “a chain of pairs not ending in the empty list is called an improper list. Note that an improper list is not a list. ”

(cons 'a 3) => (a . 3)

To do the exercises in Clojure, one can use

(def x (list 1 2))
(first x)
(last x)